Sexual Disorders
What is Abnormal 
Sexual Behavior?
•	_________________________,
•	_________________________, or
•	impairment in important areas of functioning.
Paraphilias
Paraphilias
para = abnormal; philia = attraction
•	Disorders in which an individual has recurrent, intense sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges, or behaviors involving 
•	______________ objects, 
•	children or other ____________ persons, or 
•	the suffering or humiliation of self or partner. 
•	Inability to experience sexual gratification in the ______________________.
•	Lasting at least _______________
Pedophilia
__________:
 A paraphilia in which an adult's sexual urges are directed toward children.

PEDOPHILIA
•	Types of molester
•	Situational molesters
•	Preference molesters
•	Child rapists
•	2/3 of all sexual assault victims are children & adolescents.
•	 Among age 12-17, 14-year-olds are the most common victims.
•	 Under 12, 4-year-olds are the most commonly abused.
•	 Nearly 2/3 of the victims are female.
•	 Vast majority of perpetrators are male.
•	 About 1/3 of offenders are relatives of the victimized children.

Types of sexual aggressor in general

•	Physiological
•	Cognitive
•	Affective
•	Developmentally-related
THEORIES
•	EARLY LIFE EXPERIENCE
•	 Sexually and emotionally abused as 	children.
•	 __________________ cycle.
•	PERSONALITY TRAITS
•	 _______________________________.
•	 Anger stemming from feelings of
		 inadequacy, introversion, cognitive rigidity.
TREATMENT 
BIOLOGICAL APPROACH
•	IN DIAGNOSIS
•	 Penile plethysmograph.
•	IN TREATMENT
•	 Lowering _______________.
•	 Castration (rare).
•	 _______________________.

TREATMENT
•	BEHAVIORAL TREATMENT
•	 Aversive therapy.
•	 _____________________.
•	COGNITIVE
•	 _________________________.
•	GROUP THERAPY 
•	 Confront denial and rationalizations.
•	 Supportive context to discuss desires and 	conflicts.
Exhibitionism
_____________________:
A paraphilia in which a person has intense sexual urges and arousing fantasies involving the exposure of genitals to a stranger. 

__________________:
A paraphilia in which the individual is preoccupied with an object and depends on this object rather than sexual intimacy with a partner for achieving sexual gratification. 

Partialism:
 A paraphilia in which the person is interested solely in sexual gratification from a specific body part, such as feet.
Some experts regard this as a kind of fetishism.

______________________:
    from French frotter (“to rub”)
A paraphilia in which the individual has intense sexual urges and sexually arousing fantasies of rubbing against or fondling an unsuspecting stranger. 
Sexual Masochism
Sexual Sadism
Some Sadomasochistic Activities
Transvestic Fetishism
______________________________:
A paraphilia in which a man has an uncontrollable craving to dress in women's clothing in order to derive sexual gratification. 

__________________:
    from French voir (“to see”)
A paraphilia in which the individual has a compulsion to derive sexual gratification from observing the nudity or sexual activity of others. 
OTHER PARAPHILIAS
FEATURES OF PARAPHILIAS
•	Vary by paraphilia.
•	Generally, _______________________.
•	Biopsychosocial factors.
•	____________ appears to be main cause.
•	_________________.
•	Rarely present for treatment unless legally bound.
•	Treatment depends on the nature of the paraphilia.
Gender Identity Disorder

Gender identity disorder:
 A condition in which there is a discrepancy between an individual's gender identity and assigned (biological) sex. 
GENDER IDENTITY 
DISORDER
•	Strong and persistent (but not delusional) belief that they are the wrong sex.
•	Refusal to engage in culturally “gender-appropriate” behaviors.
•	Recurrent fantasies and cross-dressing.
•	Without sexual gratification from cross-dressing.
THEORIES OF  GENDER IDENTITY DISORDER
•	BIOLOGICAL
•	______________________.
•	Vulnerability to high sensory arousal.
•	Sensitive to parents’ __________________.
•	PSYCHOLOGICAL
•	Parental preferences for child of other sex.
•	Parental _____________________  of  cross-gender behaviors.
•	SOCIAL - Cultural idealization of 	stereotypical male and female “types.”
TREATMENT
•	PSYCHOTHERAPY
•	Very young child
•	___________________________
•	Older child 
•	Deal with cross-gender behavior and fantasy, low self-esteem, peer rejection
•	Adults 
•	Focus on the biopsychosocial causes, provide support and coping strategies
SEX REASSIGNMENT SURGERY
•	Sought by a small number of those with gender identity disorder.
•	Factors in improved functioning post-surgery:
•	Female-to-male transition hold greater satisfaction.
•	Level of adjustment pre-surgery.
•	Level of commitment to being other sex.
•	Quality of surgery itself.